Currently, people of different age groups have various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological and bone diseases.Anyone, at any age, can get sick.But the most common diseases are the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both older and younger people.Small joints are most often affected;These joints include the formations of the hands and feet.Why do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the finger joints and how to treat it?
Reasons
When pain occurs in the hand area, until a certain point we do not pay due attention;Meanwhile, progression and development of the disease occurs.What diseases can cause finger joint pain?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Exacerbation of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Risarthrosis.
- Limb injury.
- Disturbance of microcirculation.
- Pathology of nerve endings or spinal column.
- Late treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Pain in the finger joints in different pathologies has different causes.Let us examine in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the finger joints can appear both in people under 45 years of age and in people over 55 years of age.With this pathology, a distinctive feature is that when the joints are damaged, Heberden's nodules appear.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characteristic of the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left hands at the same time in similar places).
Nodules can appear on the phalanges of the fingers (most often the index and middle fingers are affected).It is when this nodule forms that the patient may feel an unpleasant burning sensation, which may lead to pain, swelling and redness.Firstly, the original cause needs to be treated.
Rheumatoid arthritis
In rheumatoid arthritis, finger joints hurt in 6 to 7 percent of cases.The disease can occur in people of different age groups, women are more affected and it forms in a context of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint swells slightly, the pain worsens when flexing the phalanges of the right and left hands.The injury is usually symmetrical and other joints, even large ones, may be involved.
The pathology has pain of an inflammatory nature (it intensifies in the evening and in the morning, and during the day and at night the pain attack slightly decreases).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels weak, has a fever and may experience chills.Therapy should aim to treat the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may occur due to psoriatic arthritis.People between the ages of 20 and 50 who have skin lesions (psoriatic plaques) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin over this joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at the same time, which indicates their asymmetry.
Drop
Gout is responsible for pain in less than 4% of cases.It occurs more often in men, most often with damage to the big toe, and then affects other joints.It occurs in the age group of 20 to 50 years.In the hands, the disease develops from injuries to the thumb (rarely the little finger), then spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, which disrupts the pattern and quality of sleep, the thumb acquires a red hue and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach 12 days, then the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of pain syndrome is a characteristic feature of this disease.
Injuries
Limb injuries and dislocations play an important role when fingers hurt.When cartilaginous tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but there will no longer be complete and identical cartilage;in any case, it will have a defect of one degree or another.Initially, no symptoms may occur, but gradually the cartilaginous tissue wears out and no longer fully performs its functions, which leads to pain (pain occurs earlier when the little finger is affected).
Other diseases
De Carvin's tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.Typically, the pain occurs at the base of the joint;It is spontaneous or caused by overload, intensifying with flexion and extension (pain does not occur in the region from the index to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb of the hand hurts, pathology of its joint occurs, most often it manifests itself together with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is caused by a strong constant load.It is difficult to diagnose the disease caused by De Carvin's tenosynovitis.But with this pathology, a special feature is the deformation of the finger bones, which is clearly visible on the x-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely and, most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help avoid pain in the later stages of life.Preventing rheumatological diseases is an important point in maintaining the same standard of living.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it appears or worsens?
Therapeutic methods must have a complex effect, solve various problems and promote the restoration of damaged tissues.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease and then determine the method of treatment (medical or surgical).
Drug treatment
The most common group of medications that can reduce or completely stop pain are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the analgesic effect, they have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal substance can be applied independently, taking into account the available instructions.
For arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed;This group has an anti-inflammatory effect, which immediately stops the pain crisis.To enhance the healing and regenerative effect, various oils and creams are used;they will also help relieve pain in a short time.
Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra-high frequency (UHF) therapy.
- Ultraviolet and infrared irradiation.
- Performing gymnastics exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is used in late and advanced stages of the disease.Surgery is performed with prosthetics, replacing joint surfaces or restoring blood flow.