With spinal spine osteochondrosis, many are family members not of popular TV screens, but of their own sad experience.Statistics are hard: up to 80% of the population suffers from this disease, which also significantly younger.If previous complaints about the problems in the spine were mainly among the older generation, now child osteochondrosis is no longer surprising anyone.And the fault of a sedentary lifestyle and the "benefits of civilization."
Cervical spine osteochondrosis is a polyetiological disease of a progressive that manifests itself by the degeneration of intervertebral discs and the dystrophy of the ligament apparatus of the spine.Everyone knows the symptoms firsthand, but these knowledge is fragmentary;We will try to structure them, as well as talk about the principles of diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine osteochondrosis.
The causes of osteochondrosis
Medical science cannot respond unequivocally, which is why osteochondrosis occurs.It is safely known that the sedentary lifestyle that a modern person is prone to negatively affect the progression of this disease.It is interesting that both hypodinâmia and the colossal loads of athletes lead to the proxy of records.A hereditary factor plays a leadership role.The following reasons are distinguished:
- Overloaded hereditary history;
- obesity;
- Hypodinamia;
- Metabolic disorders in the body;
- traumatic damage in the spinal column;
- Long static overloads and work associated with weightlifting (computer work, weight lifting, miners, engines, etc.);
- scoliosis;
- dysfunctional environmental situation;
- boring feet and pregnancy;
- Hypothermia and stress, which usually cause exacerbations of the disease.
There are several neurological syndromes:
- Shoulder -periartritis on shoulder;
- source;
- cardiac;
- Vail Artery Syndrome.
Shoulder -Is periartrite.It is characterized by neck, shoulder, shoulder joint.The main neurogenic contracture of the shoulder joint is formed, which is of a protective nature, as it protects the axillary nerve from stretching (anthalgic pose).With this position, the muscles surrounding the joint are in tension.The severity of pain syndrome depends on the degree of exacerbation of osteochondrosis: a slight limitation of the amplitude of the joint movements to the “frozen shoulder” called, when any movements cause intense pain.The pain intensifies when the shoulder is diverted and pronounced, as it is these movements that increase the tension of the axillary nerve.
Royshift syndrome (cervical radiculita).Most of the time, it occurs with cervical osteochondrosis.At the same time, the spinal nerve spine is squeezed due to the "subsidence" of the intervertebral discs, as well as the growth of osteophytes or the protrusion of the discs in the lateral direction.Pain syndrome is specific: intense burning, tearing and pressing pain, which also intensifies when the patient moves the head.The anthalgic pose is also observed in the neck muscles, they are quite tense and painful, the volume of movements is limited.There is pain in the back of the head, neck, front chest, shoulder, between the plates.The interruption of sensitivity by the type of "short -sleeved shirt" is characteristic.
Cardial syndrome.The name of the syndrome is responsible for itself: the clinical image is very similar to Angina Pectoris.In this case, there is no organic damage to the heart, at the height of pain syndrome, no violations of coronary blood flow by ECG are detected and these patients are well tolerated.A typical feature with angina pectoris: pain occurs after taking nitrates and, in the case of osteochondrosis, does not change and bothers for a long time.Unlike the angina chest, the location of the pain is mainly in the heart on the left.With the irritation of the roots of segments C8 - T1, rhythm disorders in the form of tachycardia and extrystole are possible.This is not due to damage to the conductive system of the heart, but with a violation of sympathetic innervation of the cardiac muscle (extracardiac damage).In the differential diagnosis of pectoral angina and cardiac syndrome, leadership is the fact that, in addition to cardinal complaints, the patient observes increased joint pain and shoulder neck associated with lifting or severe movements.
Vail Artery Syndrome.The vertebral artery occurs in a channel formed by holes in the transverse processes of the vertebrae.This artery is paired, is responsible for supplying blood to the brain.Consequently, any narrowing of this channel very negatively affects brain tissue nutrition.Vertebral artery syndrome develops directly with the compression of the artery itself and the irritation of the sympathetic nervous plexus, located around it.Pain in this pathology is burning or pulsating in the occipital region, scattered for whiskey, tutorial arches, crows.It appears on one and both sides.Patients usually associate the aggravation of the condition after sleep in a non -physiological pose, transportation travel, walk.With pronounced symptoms, hearing loss, dizziness, ears, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness and increased blood pressure are possible.Such symptoms are not specific and are very similar to complaints in the cerebral stroke.This pathology is characterized by Sistine Chapel Syndrome: a fainting that occurs when you dropped your head back (severe cerebral ischemia).He was described by visitors to the Vatican Sistine Chapel when they examined the frescoes in their arches.It is also possible to fall without loss of consciousness with clear curves of the head.
As any diagnosis in medicine, osteochondrosis diagnosis is established based on patient complaints, disease anamnesis, clinical examination and auxiliary research methods.X -ray of the cervical spine in direct and side projections is performed if necessary in special positions (with open mouth).At the same time, experts are interested in the height of intervertebral discs, the presence of osteofites.Of modern research methods, IAMR and CT research is used, which enables the diagnosis to be verified more accurately.In addition to the listed methods of additional research, consultations from related specialists (cardiologist, ophthalmologist, neurosurgeon) may be required, and the neurologist's examination is simply vital.The neurologist is involved in the treatment of osteochondrosis;Therefore, after examining the patient, he will prescribe the minimum examination necessary at his discretion.
Treatment of osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a polyetiological disease as a therapy course is not healed.You cannot drink a "magic pill" and everything will pass, it is necessary to change its lifestyle fundamentally as the trigger is hypodynamam.The most tangible results are easier to achieve at the early stage of the disease, when complaints are minimal and there are no compression syndromes and spinal artery.At the acute stage of the disease, when the following groups of drugs are prescribed of pronounced pain: pain syndrome is pronounced:
- Therapeutic paravertebral block (to relieve pain and removal of muscle spasm);
- NSAIDS;
- ointments containing NSAIDs and reflex action;
- muscle relaxants;
- Vitamins B V.
As the inflammatory process disappears and the relief of pain syndrome, they move to treatment with physiotherapy.Most of the time, the following techniques are used:
- laser therapy;
- electrophoresis;
- acupuncture;
- Therapy with exercise;
- therapeutic massage;
- Manual therapy.
It is important to understand that osteochondrosis continues with periods of exacerbation and remission;Therefore, it is very important to affect the cause and not treat the investigation.